{"id":1221,"date":"2021-03-16T01:09:05","date_gmt":"2021-03-16T01:09:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fucheng.seowaimao.com\/?p=1221"},"modified":"2021-06-29T08:39:32","modified_gmt":"2021-06-29T08:39:32","slug":"yeralti-madenciligi-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/tr\/blog\/what-is-underground-mining-and-how-it-works\/","title":{"rendered":"Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi nedir ve nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/a><\/a>Mineraller, \u00f6zellikle de metal i\u00e7erenler de\u011ferlidir. \u0130\u015f adamlar\u0131 bu mineralleri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7ekirde\u011finden \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n en ucuz ve en g\u00fcvenli yolunu ararlar. Bu \u00e7\u0131karma i\u015flemi madencilik s\u00fcrecidir. Madencilik, t\u00fcm madencilik \u015firketlerinin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve etraf\u0131nda topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 temeldir. Genellikle madencili\u011fin iki temel y\u00f6ntemi vard\u0131r. Bunlardan biri y\u00fczey madencili\u011fi, di\u011feri ise yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fidir. Bu makale size yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi ve farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri hakk\u0131nda genel bir fikir verecektir.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131k ocak madencili\u011fi veya y\u00fczey madencili\u011fi, d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinde kullan\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n madencilik y\u00f6ntemlerinden biridir. Bu t\u00fcr madencilik gezegenin y\u00fczeyinden ba\u015flar. \u00d6te yandan, Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi sadece d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinin alt\u0131ndan cevher \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7indir. Bununla birlikte, woocnc.com'daki ikinci i\u00e7erikler size y\u00fczey madencili\u011fi ile yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 getirecektir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yeralt\u0131 Madencili\u011fi Nedir?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Jumbo matkap gibi bir\u00e7ok yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi, yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re cevher \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in jumbo matkap gibi madencilik ve ta\u015f ocak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 makine ve ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi veya yeralt\u0131 sert kaya madencili\u011fi, \u00e7e\u015fitli yeralt\u0131 <\/span><\/span><\/span>madenci\u0307li\u0307k eki\u0307pmanlari \u00f6zellikle alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, demir, bak\u0131r, \u00e7inko, nikel, kalay ve kur\u015fun gibi metal i\u00e7eren mineralleri kazmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu nedenle, iyi madencilik ve ta\u015f ocak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 makine ve ekipman\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in uygun yeralt\u0131 madencilik ekipman\u0131 \u00fcreticilerini se\u00e7melisiniz. \u00d6te yandan, \u00e7ok az \u015firket elmas veya yakut gibi de\u011ferli ta\u015f cevherlerini \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 yeralt\u0131 madencilik ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/span>Ayr\u0131ca, Yumu\u015fak kaya madencili\u011fi, tuz, k\u00f6m\u00fcr, petrol, gazlar veya petrol kumlar\u0131 gibi yumu\u015fak minerallerin kaz\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fucheng, \u00c7in'deki m\u00fckemmel yeralt\u0131 madencilik ekipman\u0131 \u00fcreticilerinden biridir. Uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r jumbo matkap gibi madencilik ekipmanlar\u0131 \u00fcretmektedir ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck madencilik makinesini \u00fcretebilmektedir. Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi, cevher k\u00fctlesinin y\u00fczey madencili\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok derin oldu\u011fu, cevher k\u00fctlesinin kalitelerinin y\u00fczey madencili\u011fi maliyetlerini kar\u015f\u0131layacak kadar y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu ve y\u00fczey madencili\u011fine g\u00f6re daha az yer kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda pratiktir. Bu durumda,\u00a0 <\/span>Y\u00fczey madencili\u011fi cevher kaz\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, madenciler yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi s\u00fcrecini takip etmelidir. Bu nedenle, cevher kaz\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken uygun madencilik y\u00f6ntemlerinden emin olmak \u00f6nemlidir. Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011finin birka\u00e7 avantaj\u0131 ve dezavantaj\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 k\u0131saca kontrol edelim. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130yi Y\u00f6nleri <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan gizlenen bir maden i\u015fletmesine olanak tan\u0131r. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi, geli\u015fimin izin verdi\u011fi kadar derin olabilir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fini etkilemez. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dezavantajlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi, y\u00fczey madencili\u011fine g\u00f6re pahal\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntemdir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi, g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve yap\u0131y\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in genellikle s\u00fctunlara ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Bu madencilik s\u00fcreci nispeten y\u00fcksek dereceli, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck cevher yataklar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fine eri\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Modern \u00e7a\u011flarda, lokasyonun yap\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak eri\u015fim y\u00f6ntemi de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu y\u00fczden madenciler farkl\u0131 bir eri\u015fim s\u00fcreci geli\u015ftirdiler. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, iki ana madencilik eri\u015fimini a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z. Bunlar Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi eri\u015fimi ve cevher eri\u015fimidir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yeralt\u0131 eri\u015fimi<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Yeralt\u0131 eri\u015fimi, yeralt\u0131na eri\u015fimin aditler, ini\u015fler veya \u015faftlardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu madencilik y\u00f6ntemleridir. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 yeralt\u0131 eri\u015fim y\u00f6ntemi yeralt\u0131 madenleri i\u00e7in \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc genellikle yer y\u00fczeyinden ba\u015flar. Daha sonra madenci, cevher k\u00fctlesinin konumuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak eri\u015fim i\u00e7in \u015faft m\u0131, dikey y\u00f6ntem mi yoksa ini\u015f mi kullanaca\u011f\u0131na karar verir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe eri\u015fim spiral bir t\u00fcnel olabilir. Dairesel bir t\u00fcnel veya yata\u011f\u0131n yan taraf\u0131 ya da kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki daireler olabilir. Bu durumda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f eri\u015fimi bir kutu kesi\u011fi ile ba\u015flar. Bu, yeralt\u0131 madeninin giri\u015fidir.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Kutu kesimi, bir yeralt\u0131 madenine eri\u015fim olarak g\u00fcvenli bir kap\u0131 sa\u011flayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir a\u00e7\u0131k kesimdir. \u015eu anda, yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi ile ilgili olarak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck ve ana kaya hakk\u0131nda bilgi sahibi olmal\u0131y\u0131z. Madencilik s\u00fcrecinde \u00fcsty\u00fck, ekonomik olarak yararlan\u0131lan alan\u0131n \u00fczerinde bulunan malzemelerdir; \u00f6rne\u011fin, toprak, kaya ve cevher k\u00fctlesinin \u00fczerinde bulunan bir ekosistem. \u00d6te yandan ana kaya, yer kabu\u011funun y\u00fczeyindeki regolitin alt\u0131nda yer alan ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015f kayad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fck ve ana kayaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, madenciler g\u00fcvenlik nedenleriyle galvanizli \u00e7elik menfez kullan\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eaft<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u015eaftlar do\u011frudan cevher g\u00f6vdesine giden dikey kaz\u0131lard\u0131r. Genellikle bu yeralt\u0131 eri\u015fimleri cevher k\u00fctlesine biti\u015fiktir. Bu durumda, kamyonla y\u00fczeye ta\u015f\u0131ma ekonomik de\u011fildir. \u00d6te yandan, \u015fafttan dikey eri\u015fim, derinden kamyonla ta\u015f\u0131maya g\u00f6re daha ekonomiktir. Ve bir madende hem ini\u015f hem de rampa olabilir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Adits<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Tepeler ve da\u011flar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, yeralt\u0131 eri\u015fimi i\u00e7in aditler uygundur. Aditler, tepelerin ve da\u011flar\u0131n i\u00e7inde yatay kaz\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleridir.\u00a0 <\/span>Genellikle madenciler cevher k\u00fctlesinin yerini tespit eder ve cevher k\u00fctlelerinin yak\u0131n\u0131nda d\u00fcz yeralt\u0131 eri\u015fimi sa\u011flar. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Maden g\u00f6vdesi bir yeralt\u0131 madencilik operasyonunu desteklemeye yetecek kadar \u00f6denebilir bir incelemeye sahip oldu\u011funda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f madencili\u011fi eri\u015fimleri d\u00fczenli olarak bir a\u00e7\u0131k kesim madenin durak b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r. Yine de, \u015ferit oran\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00f6k\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131karma stratejilerini desteklemek i\u00e7in s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 hale gelmi\u015ftir. Madenciler bunlar\u0131 \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck in\u015fa etmekte ve kriz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi yeralt\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a ve b\u00fcy\u00fck hareketli donan\u0131m anlam\u0131na geldik\u00e7e devam etmektedir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Cevher eri\u015fimi<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

G\u00f6vde yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm madencilik eri\u015fimlerini bitirdikten sonra, cevher y\u00fczeyine ula\u015fma zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda, cevher g\u00f6vdesine giden madencilik eri\u015fimi cevher eri\u015fimidir. Bundan sonra, madenciler cevherin i\u00e7ine do\u011fru seviyeye dik olarak duraklar\u0131 kazarlar. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yeralt\u0131 madencilik y\u00f6ntemleri <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Hammadde verilerine g\u00f6re, Stockholm 2010 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplam metal madenlerinin 17%'si yeralt\u0131 maden kaz\u0131s\u0131ndan elde edilmi\u015ftir. Burada madenciler yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011finin y\u00fczey madencili\u011finden daha uygun maliyetli oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok durum g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015flerdir. Yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi, cevher k\u00fctlesi y\u00fcksek ten\u00f6rl\u00fc veya \u00e7ok derin oldu\u011funda daha uygun maliyetlidir. Bu durumda, yeralt\u0131 madencilik operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck do\u011fas\u0131 nedeniyle, madenciler genellikle y\u00fczey madenlerine g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fcretim oranlar\u0131 elde ederler. \u00d6te yandan, yeralt\u0131 madencilik ekipmanlar\u0131 daha se\u00e7icidir ve madencilik s\u0131ras\u0131nda at\u0131k kayay\u0131 azalt\u0131r. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan madene ve yataklar\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, madencilerin genellikle izledi\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli yeralt\u0131 madencilik y\u00f6ntemleri vard\u0131r. Bu durumda, yeni teknolojinin getirdi\u011fi yenilikler sayesinde, genel s\u00fcre\u00e7 daha fazla \u00fcretkenlik ve daha g\u00fcvenli madencilik sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, modern teknolojiler bu t\u00fcr \u00fcretim y\u00f6ntemlerinin maliyetini de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u015eimdi, tam \u015fu anda, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da en pop\u00fcler yeralt\u0131 madencilik y\u00f6ntemlerini g\u00f6sterece\u011fiz. Bu yeralt\u0131 madencilik y\u00f6ntemleri hakk\u0131nda genel bir fikir edinebilece\u011finizi umuyoruz. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kes ve doldur madencili\u011fi<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Kes ve doldur madencili\u011fi, dik e\u011fimli ve bazen d\u00fczensiz cevher k\u00fctleleri i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler bir se\u00e7imdir. Kes ve doldur yeralt\u0131 madencilik ekipmanlar\u0131, se\u00e7ici madencilik ve kaya k\u00fctlesindeki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere uyum gerektiren madenler i\u00e7in tercih edilir. Bu madencilik y\u00f6ntemi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli madencilik y\u00f6ntemi olarak da pop\u00fclerdir. Madenciler genellikle cevher k\u00fctlesini, alt k\u0131sm\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 taraf\u0131 oldu\u011fu cevher k\u00fctlesi boyunca yatay dilimler halinde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar. Madenciler kaz\u0131lan alan\u0131 geri doldurur ve \u00fcretim yukar\u0131 do\u011fru devam eder. Her \u00fcretim seviyesi, madenciler t\u00fcm dilimi \u00e7\u0131karana kadar s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmeyi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Bundan sonra, madenciler bir k\u0131sm\u0131 geri doldurur ve dolgu, madencilerin bir sonraki seviyeyi \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma platformu haline gelir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, s\u0131rt kesimi ocak i\u00e7indeki \u00fcst dilimlere eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7indir. Bu t\u00fcr madencili\u011fin avantajlar\u0131ndan biri de at\u0131klar\u0131n dolgu malzemesi olarak yeniden kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak, cevherin ilk dilimlerini elde etmek i\u00e7in kara delikler a\u00e7mam\u0131z gerekir. Ard\u0131ndan, patlay\u0131c\u0131 \u015farj edilip patlat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, bir sonraki ad\u0131mda cevher ge\u00e7i\u015fleri d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131l\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan, maden kamyonu patlat\u0131lan malzemeleri toplar ve ar\u0131tma b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne iletir. Son olarak, bir sonraki patlatmaya ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, \u00e7evredeki kayalar birbirini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclme <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Madenciler madencili\u011fe ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce b\u00fcz\u00fclme i\u00e7in be\u015f uygun ko\u015fulu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundururlar. \u0130lk olarak, se\u00e7ilen yerdeki cevher k\u00fctlesi y\u00fcksek dereceli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak, asma duvar ve ayak duvar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yabilecek kadar sert olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, diklik cevher yataklar\u0131na do\u011fru e\u011fimli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, cevher k\u00fctlesi S\u00fclf\u00fcr i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip olamaz. Ve son olarak, cevher mineralleri sert olmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu ko\u015fullar hedef b\u00f6lgeye uygunsa, madenciler bir sonraki ad\u0131ma ge\u00e7erek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n kaz\u0131 yapmas\u0131na izin verir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme madencili\u011finin iki farkl\u0131 seviyesi vard\u0131r; biri \u00fcst tarafta, di\u011feri ise alt taraftad\u0131r. \u015eimdi, \u00fcst ve alt seviyeleri birbirine ba\u011flayan iki y\u00fckseltme yolu vard\u0131r. Destek i\u00e7in alttan kesilmi\u015f bir k\u0131s\u0131m vard\u0131r. Son olarak, madenciler eri\u015fim noktas\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 huniler yapacaklard\u0131r. Patlatma i\u00e7in madenciler cevher g\u00f6vdesi \u00fczerindeki belirli bir noktay\u0131 deler ve k\u0131r\u0131lan cevher i\u00e7 bo\u015flu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fer. Bundan sonra madenciler cevheri eri\u015fim noktas\u0131ndan al\u0131rlar. Bu \u015fekilde, b\u00fcz\u00fclmeyi durduran konfig\u00fcrasyon cevheri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131ya do\u011fru yatay dilimler halinde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Bu i\u015flem \u015fev tamamen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lana kadar devam eder. B\u00fcz\u00fclme y\u00f6nteminin avantajlar\u0131ndan biri g\u00fcvenli ve ucuz olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, k\u0131r\u0131lan cevher sonraki madencilik y\u00f6ntemleri i\u00e7in bir platform olu\u015fturabilir. Bununla birlikte, bu madencilik y\u00f6nteminin dezavantajlar\u0131ndan biri, cevher i\u00e7inde seyahat etmenin di\u011fer madencilik y\u00f6ntemlerine g\u00f6re daha karma\u015f\u0131k olmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Alt seviye uzun delik <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Bu madencilik y\u00f6ntemi, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli madencilik i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Dik bir derinli\u011fe, d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekle ve kabul edilebilir cevher s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na sahip b\u00fcy\u00fck cevher k\u00fctleleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve verimli bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Bu durumda, cevher k\u00fctlesinin \u015fekline ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak s\u00fcrecin farkl\u0131 varyantlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ancak y\u00f6ntem, b\u00fcy\u00fck cevher k\u00fctlelerinin patlat\u0131lmas\u0131 prensibine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Madenciler, alt seviyeler aras\u0131ndaki duraklar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in cevher k\u00fctleleri boyunca galeriler olu\u015fturur. Cevher k\u00fctlesini birincil ve ikincil duraklar olarak ikiye ay\u0131rabiliriz. Burada madenciler \u00f6nce birincil cevher duraklar\u0131n\u0131 kazarlar. Daha sonra ikincil duraklara gitmeyi planlarlar. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te madenciler duraklar\u0131 kazd\u0131ktan sonra \u00fcstteki cevher k\u00fctlesinin toplam a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacak \u015fekilde bu duraklar\u0131 doldururlar. Bu dolgu, ikincil duraklar\u0131n madencili\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kaymay\u0131 \u00f6nler. Durdurma i\u015flemini ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in a\u00e7ma patlatmas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatan a\u00e7ma yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 gerektirir. Kaya\u00e7 durumu izin veriyorsa, doldurma ve patlatmadan \u00f6nce t\u00fcm dura\u011f\u0131n delinmesi yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. \u0130lk b\u00f6l\u00fcm y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, stope'un geni\u015f alan\u0131n\u0131 vuracak yeterli oda olacakt\u0131r. \u015eimdi, odan\u0131n doldurulmas\u0131n\u0131n avantaj\u0131, i\u015fleme tesisinden \u00e7\u0131kan at\u0131k kum gibi geri doldurulmu\u015f malzeme i\u00e7in at\u0131klar\u0131n yeniden kullan\u0131lma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kaz\u0131 prosed\u00fcr\u00fc bu \u015fekilde devam eder. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Oda ve S\u00fctun <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Oda ve s\u00fctun madencili\u011fi y\u00f6ntemi, e\u011fimi 50 dereceden az olan cevher k\u00fctlelerinde kullan\u0131lan standart bir madencilik y\u00f6ntemidir. Y\u00f6ntemin farkl\u0131 varyasyonlar\u0131 kaya ko\u015fullar\u0131na ve cevher k\u00fctlesinin derinli\u011fine ve kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Cevher madencili\u011fi yap\u0131l\u0131rken, a\u00e7\u0131k odalar ve s\u00fctunlardan olu\u015fan bir \u0131zgara sistemi, \u00fcstte olu\u015fturulan kaya k\u00fctlesini destekler. Madenciler, kaya ko\u015fullar\u0131na ve havaland\u0131rma taleplerine uyum sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in madencilik s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 optimize eder. Maden makinesi cevheri geleneksel s\u00fcr\u00fcklemede oldu\u011fu gibi ayn\u0131 delme ve patlatma tekni\u011fini kullanarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r, burada s\u00fcr\u00fcklenme s\u00fctunlar aras\u0131ndaki oda haline gelir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fcrecin kendisi, faaliyet say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n zemin ko\u015fullar\u0131na ve tasar\u0131m kriterlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi birka\u00e7 ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k i\u015flemi i\u00e7erir. Oda ve s\u00fctun madencili\u011finde ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n anahtar\u0131, odalar\u0131n optimum boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n ve s\u00fctunlar\u0131n maksimum miktarda cevher kazanacak ve g\u00fcvenlikten \u00f6d\u00fcn vermeden geride m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck direkleri b\u0131rakacak \u015fekilde olu\u015fturulmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretim noktalar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak ekipman\u0131n verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Madenciler genellikle y\u00fczeye ta\u015f\u0131ma i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli ta\u015f\u0131ma makineleri kullan\u0131rlar. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Blok Ma\u011farac\u0131l\u0131k<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Bu madencilik y\u00f6ntemi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir madencilik y\u00f6ntemidir. B\u00fcy\u00fck hacimlerde kayan\u0131n verimli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu madencilik y\u00f6nteminde, \u00fcretim ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce gereken geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcresi di\u011fer madencilik y\u00f6ntemlerine g\u00f6re daha uzundur. Madenciler, cevher k\u00fctlesinin alt k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki ilk kaya par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in kaya k\u00fctlesi aras\u0131nda bo\u015fluk olu\u015fturur. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Madenciler cevher k\u00fctlesini daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara ay\u0131r\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/span>Bunu ba\u015farmak i\u00e7in alttan kesme seviyesini geli\u015ftirirler. Ayr\u0131ca, o \u00fcretim alan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca cevherin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karma seviyesinin alt\u0131nda da \u00fcretirler. Alttan kesme ve \u00e7\u0131karma seviyeleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7ekme \u00e7anlar\u0131 olu\u015fturulur ve ma\u011fara kayas\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7itler haline gelir. Yanl\u0131\u015f ate\u015flemeleri \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in do\u011fru sondaj yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Blok g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcklerle ili\u015fkili \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler nedeniyle genellikle \u00e7elik a\u015f\u0131lar, p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme beton kablo lekeleri, kaya c\u0131vatalar\u0131, \u00e7elik has\u0131r ve kay\u0131\u015flar gibi \u00f6nemli kaya takviyeleri gereklidir. Art\u0131k madenciler cevheri y\u00fczeye ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in bir maden kamyonu kullanabilir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Yukar\u0131daki t\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde cevher k\u00fctlelerinin ortam\u0131na, topra\u011f\u0131na ve konumuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ba\u015fka madencilik y\u00f6ntemleri de mevcuttur. Bu durumda, ba\u015fl\u0131ca be\u015f \u00e7e\u015fit Yeralt\u0131 madencilik y\u00f6ntemini g\u00f6sterdik. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, bu \u00f6zet onlar\u0131 k\u0131saca tan\u0131man\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak ve kesinlikle daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Burada kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z anahtar kelimeler, yeralt\u0131 madencili\u011fi konusundaki de\u011ferli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Minerals, especially those containing metals, are valuable. Business people are looking for the cheapest and safest way to extract these minerals from the earth’s core. The process of this extraction is the mining process. Mining is the foundation against which all of the mining companies rely on and gravitate around. Usually, mining has two primary […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1777,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is Underground mining and How it works | 2021 Updated<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Underground mining means various mining techniques to excavate minerals, especially those containing metal, such as gold, silver, and lead.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/tr\/blog\/yeralti-madenciligi-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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