{"id":2194,"date":"2021-09-28T05:48:17","date_gmt":"2021-09-28T05:48:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/?p=2194"},"modified":"2022-08-04T07:20:01","modified_gmt":"2022-08-04T07:20:01","slug":"diferenca-entre-mineracao-de-superficie-e-mineracao-subterranea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/pt\/blog\/difference-between-surface-mining-and-underground-mining\/","title":{"rendered":"Qual \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a entre minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"0\">Na engenharia de minas, al\u00e9m do gerenciamento de minas, a minera\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 um neg\u00f3cio importante. H\u00e1 dois tipos comuns de minera\u00e7\u00e3o: a de superf\u00edcie e a subterr\u00e2nea. Com o r\u00e1pido desenvolvimento da economia social, a demanda das pessoas por recursos minerais est\u00e1 aumentando, e a tecnologia de minera\u00e7\u00e3o continua avan\u00e7ando. Ent\u00e3o, qual \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a entre a minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea? Vamos comparar a diferen\u00e7a entre a minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea hoje.<\/div>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hYEMIGMyVGo\" title=\"Reprodutor de v\u00eddeo do YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"0\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"0\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Natureza da minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e da minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<h3 data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"3\">Minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"3\">A minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie, tamb\u00e9m conhecida como minera\u00e7\u00e3o de tiras. A minera\u00e7\u00e3o de tiras significa remover a cobertura do corpo do min\u00e9rio para obter os minerais necess\u00e1rios. O objetivo \u00e9 extrair minerais \u00fateis de locais de minera\u00e7\u00e3o a c\u00e9u aberto.<\/p>\n<h3 data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"3\">Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/h3>\n<p data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"3\">Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea, tamb\u00e9m conhecida como minera\u00e7\u00e3o de subsuperf\u00edcie. Refere-se ao processo de extra\u00e7\u00e3o de min\u00e9rio de blocos de min\u00e9rio em dep\u00f3sitos subterr\u00e2neos. A minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea \u00e9 realizada por meio das quatro etapas de desenvolvimento do dep\u00f3sito de min\u00e9rio, minera\u00e7\u00e3o de blocos de min\u00e9rio, corte e minera\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"3\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Fluxo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"12\">\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p>Explos\u00e3o de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o: refere-se \u00e0 perfura\u00e7\u00e3o de um furo de explos\u00e3o direcional com um determinado di\u00e2metro e profundidade na rocha de min\u00e9rio a c\u00e9u aberto durante a minera\u00e7\u00e3o de carv\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e \u00e0 explos\u00e3o com explosivos para quebrar e soltar a rocha de min\u00e9rio.<br \/>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o e carregamento: \u00c9 a opera\u00e7\u00e3o de carregar manual ou mecanicamente o min\u00e9rio no equipamento de transporte ou descarreg\u00e1-lo diretamente no local designado.<br \/>Transporte: transporte do min\u00e9rio e da rocha a c\u00e9u aberto at\u00e9 o ponto de descarga (ou usina de beneficiamento) e o local de despejo, respectivamente, e, ao mesmo tempo, transporte da equipe de produ\u00e7\u00e3o, dos equipamentos e dos materiais at\u00e9 o local da minera\u00e7\u00e3o.<br \/>Despejo: refere-se \u00e0 opera\u00e7\u00e3o de remo\u00e7\u00e3o de uma grande quantidade de solo superficial e rochas que cobrem a parte superior e o leito de min\u00e9rio circundante da mina a c\u00e9u aberto e o transporte para um local especialmente definido (como um p\u00e1tio de despejo ou um p\u00e1tio de res\u00edduos de rocha) para descarte. O campo de escava\u00e7\u00e3o deve estar localizado o mais pr\u00f3ximo poss\u00edvel do campo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o e ocupar menos terras agr\u00edcolas.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/h3>\n<p>Desenvolvimento: refere-se \u00e0 escava\u00e7\u00e3o de uma s\u00e9rie de po\u00e7os do solo para chegar ao dep\u00f3sito, conectando o dep\u00f3sito ao solo, formando um sistema para pedestres, transporte, ventila\u00e7\u00e3o, drenagem, fornecimento de energia, fornecimento de ar e fornecimento de \u00e1gua.<br \/>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o precisa: De acordo com o plano e os desenhos predeterminados, escavar a estrada escavada para criar as condi\u00e7\u00f5es necess\u00e1rias para o corte e o retrocesso do bloco de min\u00e9rio.<br \/>Corte: refere-se \u00e0 cria\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie livre e espa\u00e7o livre para a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o em larga escala do min\u00e9rio no bloco de min\u00e9rio que foi minerado.<br \/>Parada: O processo de extra\u00e7\u00e3o de min\u00e9rio dos blocos de min\u00e9rio \u00e9 o n\u00facleo da minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea. Inclui as tr\u00eas principais opera\u00e7\u00f5es de minera\u00e7\u00e3o, transporte e gerenciamento da press\u00e3o do solo.<br \/>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(1) Extra\u00e7\u00e3o de min\u00e9rio: a opera\u00e7\u00e3o de extra\u00e7\u00e3o do min\u00e9rio do corpo do min\u00e9rio com um tamanho adequado.<br \/>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(2) Minera\u00e7\u00e3o: \u00c9 a opera\u00e7\u00e3o de transportar o min\u00e9rio extra\u00eddo do est\u00e1gio de desmaio da face de minera\u00e7\u00e3o.<br \/>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(3) Gerenciamento da press\u00e3o do solo: incluindo o uso de pilares, corpos de enchimento e v\u00e1rios suportes para manter o goaf.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"12\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"12\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >M\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"14\">\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p>Dep\u00f3sito suave (o \u00e2ngulo de mergulho \u00e9 geralmente menor que 12\u00b0)<br \/>(1) M\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de pilha invertida<br \/>(2) M\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o horizontal<br \/>(3) M\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o longitudinal<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Dep\u00f3sito inclinado<br \/>(1) Combina\u00e7\u00e3o de etapas<br \/>(2) Minera\u00e7\u00e3o em fases<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de suporte natural<br \/>\u00a0Tamb\u00e9m conhecido como m\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de campo vazio. Baseia-se principalmente na estabilidade da pr\u00f3pria rocha circundante e na capacidade de suporte dos pilares para manter as \u00e1reas mineradas formadas durante o processo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o, e alguns usam suportes ou min\u00e9rio minerado como suporte auxiliar ou tempor\u00e1rio.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de suporte artificial<br \/>\u00a0O uso de materiais de enchimento ou outros suportes para manter a \u00e1rea minerada, o m\u00e9todo de enchimento \u00e9 usado principalmente, por isso esse m\u00e9todo tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 chamado de m\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de enchimento.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o por cavernas<br \/>\u00a0Com o avan\u00e7o da face de minera\u00e7\u00e3o, o m\u00e9todo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o no qual a rocha circundante \u00e9 planejada para preencher o goaf para gerenciar a press\u00e3o do solo. Ele \u00e9 adequado para corpos de min\u00e9rio em que a rocha circundante \u00e9 f\u00e1cil de desmoronar e a superf\u00edcie pode desmoronar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"14\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"14\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >M\u00e1quinas comumente usadas para minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<h2>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie<\/h2>\n<p>Escavadeiras hidr\u00e1ulicas para minera\u00e7\u00e3o<br \/>Carregadeiras de rodas<br \/>Britador de minera\u00e7\u00e3o<br \/>Nivelador<br \/>Equipamento de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o para furos de desmonte<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/h2>\n<p>Caminh\u00f5es de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de grande porte<br \/>Escavadeiras hidr\u00e1ulicas para minera\u00e7\u00e3o<br \/>Dozers grandes<br \/>P\u00e1s de cabo el\u00e9tricas<br \/>Perfuratrizes rotativas e perfuratrizes de rocha<br \/>Motoniveladoras<br \/>Carregadeiras de rodas grandes<br \/>Linhas de arrasto<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >M\u00e1quina comumente usada para minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<h3><strong>Carregador GHH LF-14<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px;\">A capacidade da GHH LHD \u00e9 de 1 a 21 toneladas. Como uma m\u00e1quina de minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea, a carregadeira LF-14 tem capacidade de 14 toneladas m\u00e9tricas. A carregadeira LF-14 \u00e9 vers\u00e1til, robusta e confi\u00e1vel. N\u00e3o \u00e9 adequada apenas para minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea, mas tamb\u00e9m para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es em t\u00faneis e rochas macias.<\/span><\/p>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1699807016\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner image-cover dark\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"397\" src=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/GHH-LF-14-loader.jpg\" class=\"attachment-original size-original\" alt=\"equipamentos de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de subsuperf\u00edcie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/GHH-LF-14-loader.jpg 538w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/GHH-LF-14-loader-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/GHH-LF-14-loader-510x376.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1699807016 {\n  width: 30%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div data-zone-id=\"0\" data-line-index=\"1\">\n<div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Jumbos de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o FUCHENG S\u00e9rie FC<\/h3>\n<p>Os jumbos de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o hidr\u00e1ulica da s\u00e9rie FC s\u00e3o usados principalmente para perfurar buracos de explos\u00e3o para constru\u00e7\u00f5es de t\u00faneis em minera\u00e7\u00e3o, metalurgia, \u00e1gua e eletricidade, ferrovias, engenharia rodovi\u00e1ria etc. Essa s\u00e9rie usa acionamento totalmente hidr\u00e1ulico, com alta efici\u00eancia e velocidade que pode ser de 0,8 a 2 m\/min. O avan\u00e7ado sistema de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o controlado hidraulicamente \u00e9 seguro e f\u00e1cil de operar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1028200905\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner image-cover dark\" style=\"padding-top:50%;\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"568\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Drilling-jumbos-FC-series.png\" class=\"attachment-original size-original\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Drilling-jumbos-FC-series.png 568w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Drilling-jumbos-FC-series-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Drilling-jumbos-FC-series-510x239.png 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1028200905 {\n  width: 30%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<h3>\u00a0<\/h3>\n<h3>WIRTGEN GROUP 220 SMI<\/h3>\n<p>Como uma m\u00e1quina de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie, a 220 SM \/ 220 SMi \u00e9 a primeira op\u00e7\u00e3o para muitas opera\u00e7\u00f5es de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de pequeno e m\u00e9dio porte. Sua vantagem \u00e9 que ela pode minerar seletivamente os principais recursos com uma resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o n\u00e3o confinada de at\u00e9 50 MPa e uma profundidade de corte de at\u00e9 11,8 polegadas (300 mm). Seu deslocamento \u00e9 de 8,1 gal\u00f5es; a pot\u00eancia \u00e9 de 708 kW \/ 950 hp; a velocidade m\u00e1xima de trabalho \u00e9 de 0-276 p\u00e9s \/ min (0-3,1 mph).<\/p>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_622673977\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner image-cover dark\" style=\"padding-top:50%;\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"601\" height=\"408\" src=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/WIRTGEN-GROUP-220-SMi.png\" class=\"attachment-original size-original\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/WIRTGEN-GROUP-220-SMi.png 601w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/WIRTGEN-GROUP-220-SMi-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/WIRTGEN-GROUP-220-SMi-510x346.png 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_622673977 {\n  width: 30%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<h3>\u00a0<\/h3>\n<h3>FUCHENG Scooptram S\u00e9rie FCYJ<\/h3>\n<p>A s\u00e9rie FCYJ da Fucheng Scooptram foi projetada para alta produ\u00e7\u00e3o e baixo custo de transporte por tonelada em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea. Como uma m\u00e1quina de minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea, a s\u00e9rie FCYJ tem uma estrutura robusta e a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o simplificada garante uma vida \u00fatil longa e baixos custos operacionais.<\/p>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_645040137\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner image-cover dark\" style=\"padding-top:50%;\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"579\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Scooptram-FCYJ-series.png\" class=\"attachment-original size-original\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Scooptram-FCYJ-series.png 579w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Scooptram-FCYJ-series-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/fuchenglhd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/FUCHENG-Scooptram-FCYJ-series-510x285.png 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_645040137 {\n  width: 30%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"gap-1914777897\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-1914777897 {\n  padding-top: 50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Vantagens da minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e da minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p>1) O per\u00edodo de constru\u00e7\u00e3o da infraestrutura \u00e9 curto e o efeito \u00e9 r\u00e1pido. Normalmente, s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios apenas 2 a 4 anos para construir uma grande mina a c\u00e9u aberto e 3 a 4 meses para uma mina pequena.<\/p>\n<p>2. Grande espa\u00e7o de minera\u00e7\u00e3o e alta produtividade da m\u00e3o de obra. A minera\u00e7\u00e3o de Luyao pode usar m\u00e1quinas e equipamentos de alta efici\u00eancia em grande escala ou supergrandes, o que favorece a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o da mecaniza\u00e7\u00e3o da minera\u00e7\u00e3o, melhorando consideravelmente a intensidade da minera\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>3. A minera\u00e7\u00e3o em tiras tem baixo custo de minera\u00e7\u00e3o. Devido ao grande escopo de opera\u00e7\u00e3o da Mina Luyao, ela \u00e9 prop\u00edcia \u00e0 minera\u00e7\u00e3o mecanizada e reduz os custos de minera\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>4. Menos perda e dilui\u00e7\u00e3o de min\u00e9rio. Em minas de metal a c\u00e9u aberto, a taxa de perda de min\u00e9rio \u00e9 geralmente de 3%-5%, e a taxa de dilui\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 geralmente de 5%-8%. A minera\u00e7\u00e3o a c\u00e9u aberto \u00e9 mais adapt\u00e1vel e flex\u00edvel.<\/p>\n<p>5. A m\u00e3o de obra \u00e9 boa, e a produ\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 relativamente segura.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/h3>\n<p>A minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea pode reduzir o impacto ambiental, aumentar a seletividade e reduzir a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ao clima.<br \/>A \u00e1rea de terra necess\u00e1ria \u00e9 muito menor.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Desvantagens da minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e da minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p>Como a minera\u00e7\u00e3o a c\u00e9u aberto \u00e9 uma opera\u00e7\u00e3o a c\u00e9u aberto, ela \u00e9 muito afetada pelo clima, e condi\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas severas, como chuva e neve pesadas, podem afetar a opera\u00e7\u00e3o de minera\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>1. a minera\u00e7\u00e3o a c\u00e9u aberto requer grandes investimentos. Devido ao maquin\u00e1rio e aos equipamentos de grande escala usados na minera\u00e7\u00e3o a c\u00e9u aberto, a quantidade de remo\u00e7\u00e3o de infraestrutura \u00e9 relativamente grande. Al\u00e9m disso, um grande n\u00famero de minas requisitou terras, o que muitas vezes resultou em um grande investimento em infraestrutura.<\/p>\n<p>2. A mina ocupa uma grande quantidade de terra e causa grandes danos ao meio ambiente. A polui\u00e7\u00e3o causada por poeira, ru\u00eddo, gases de escapamento e outros gases durante o trabalho \u00e9 relativamente grande.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/h3>\n<p>Custo mais alto e ciclo de desenvolvimento mais longo<br \/>Baixa taxa de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o de min\u00e9rio<br \/>Maiores riscos de seguran\u00e7a, escassez de m\u00e3o de obra subterr\u00e2nea e poss\u00edvel assentamento.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Desastres de minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p>Ocorr\u00eancia frequente de desastres geol\u00f3gicos<br \/>Ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o e destrui\u00e7\u00e3o de grandes quantidades de terra<br \/>Eros\u00e3o do solo e desertifica\u00e7\u00e3o da terra<br \/>Polui\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea<\/h3>\n<p>O n\u00edvel do len\u00e7ol fre\u00e1tico cai<br \/>Colapso do solo, fissura no solo<br \/>Eros\u00e3o do solo<\/p>\n<div class=\"container section-title-container\" ><h2 class=\"section-title section-title-normal\"><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><span class=\"section-title-main\" >Conclus\u00e3o<\/span><b aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/b><\/h2><\/div>\n<p>A minera\u00e7\u00e3o de tiras tem vantagens \u00f3bvias em termos de economia, tecnologia e seguran\u00e7a. Enquanto as condi\u00e7\u00f5es permitirem, a minera\u00e7\u00e3o de tiras deve ser priorizada. Essa tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 uma tend\u00eancia geral no pa\u00eds e no exterior. Entretanto, a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea n\u00e3o pode substituir a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea. Do ponto de vista da tecnologia e da economia de minera\u00e7\u00e3o, quando o custo da minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea \u00e9 alto e o custo da minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea \u00e9 alto, a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea deve ser escolhida. Especialmente para dep\u00f3sitos profundamente enterrados, a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea geralmente s\u00f3 \u00e9 adequada.<\/p>\n<p>Qual \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a entre minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e subterr\u00e2nea?<br \/>As diferen\u00e7as acima s\u00e3o algumas das diferen\u00e7as entre a minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea. Se tiver alguma d\u00favida ou quiser saber mais sobre a diferen\u00e7a entre a minera\u00e7\u00e3o de superf\u00edcie e a minera\u00e7\u00e3o subterr\u00e2nea, fique \u00e0 vontade para entrar em contato conosco.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In mine engineering, in addition to mine management, mining is also a major business. There are two common types of mining, surface mining and underground mining. With the rapid development of social economy, people&#8217;s demand for mineral resources is increasing, and mining technology continues to advance. So what is the difference between surface mining and [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":2224,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is the difference between surface mining and underground mining<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Do you want to know the difference between surface mining and underground mining? 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